Materi-OL

LATIHAN SOAL
 BAHASA INGGRIS
KELAS X DAN XI

MATERI BAHASA INGGRIS
(REVIEW)

VERB 

Verb ialah kata yang menunjukkan kegiatan atau aktivitas dari subjek. Beberapa  contoh kata kerja:

1.   Awake	= Bangun	36.  Set	= Menata, Menyetel
2.   Begin	= Memulai	37.  Shake	= menggoyangkan
3.   Bend	= Membengkokkan	38.  Show	= Menunjukkan
4.   Bet	= Bertaruh	39.  Shut	= Menutup
5.   Bite	= Menggigit	40. Sink	= Tenggelam
6.   Break	= Mematahkan	41. Smile	= Tersenyum
7.   Bring	= Menbawa	42. Speak	= Berbicara
8.   Burn	= Membakar	43.Speed	= Mempercepat
9.   Catch	= Menangkap	44. Spell	= Mengeja
10. Choose	= Memilih	45. Spend	= Menghabiskan
11. Come	= Datang	46. Spill	= Menumpahkan
12. Deal	= Menyepakati	47. Spin	= Berputar
13. Do	= Mengerjakan	48. Split	= Membelah
14. Draw	= Menggambar	49. Spoil	= Memanjakan
15. Feed	= Memberi makan	50. Spread	= Menyebarkan
16. Feel	= Merasa	51. Steal	= Mencuri
17. Find	= Menemukan	52. Stick	= Menempelkan,meletakkan
18. Forbid	= Melarang	53. Stink	= Menyengat
19. Forecast	= Meeramalkan	54. Strive	= Berjuang
20. Forget	= Lupa	55. Swear	= Bersumpah
21. Forgive	= Memaafkan	56. Sweat	= Berkeringat
22. Get	= Mendapatkan	57. Sweep	= Menyapu
23. Give	= Memberi	58. Swing	= Mengayun
24. Grow	= Tumbuh	59. Throw	= Melempar
25. Hold	= Memegang	60. Understand	= Mengerti
26. Keep	= Menjaga	61. Wake	= Membangunkan
27. Know	= Mengetahui	62. Waylay	= Mencegat, menghentikan
28. Learn	= Belajar	63. Wear	= Memakai
29. Leave	= Meninggalkan	64. Wed	= Menikahi, mengawini
30.Lend	= Meminjamkan	65. Weep	= Menangis
31.Lose	= Kehilangan	66. Wet	= Membasahi
32. Overcome	= Mengatasi	67. Win	= Menang
33. Pay	= Membayar	68. Wind	= Menggulung
34. Seek	= Mencari	69. Withdraw	= Menarik
35. Send	= Mengirim	70. Write	= Menulis

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NOUN 

Noun (kata benda) banyak sekali jumlah dan macamnya, kata benda menurut jenisnya tei menjadi 5 yaitu:

1.      Common Noun (Benda Biasa)

Contoh : Book, pen, pencil, car, umbrella, etc.

2.      Material Noun (Banda Alam)

Contoh : Coal, gas, gold, silver, copper, sand, rock, oil, water, etc.

3.      Proper Noun (Nama Khusus)

Contoh : nama, orang, hari, bulan, kota, negara. (Budi, people, Monday, Tarakan,  Indonesia)

4.      Abstract Noun (Benda Abstrak)

Contoh ; love, joke, excuse, praise, beauty, honesty.

5.      Collective Noun (Benda Kolektif)

Contoh : team, group, crew, troop, class, convoy, congregation.

PERATURAN MEMBUAT PLURAL (JAMAK)

A.      Kata benda di tambah dengan huruf "s⁵⁹ u ufuk menjadikannya plural.

1.		Book	- books	= buku
2.		Cup	- cups	= cangkir
3.		Plate	- plates	= piring
4.		Pen	- pens	= pena
5.		Table	- tables	= meja
6.		Ruler	- rulers	= penggaris
7.		Blackboard	- blackboards	= papan tulis
8.		Marker	- markers	= spidol
9.		Eraser	- erasers	= penghapus
10.		Car	- cars	= mobil
B. Kata benda ditambah huruf “es” untuk plural
1.	Brush		- brushes	= sikat
2.	Branch		- branches	= cabang
3.	Class		- classes	= kelas
4.	Dress		- dresses	= pakaian
5.	Dish		- dishes	= hidangan
6.	Fox		- foxes	= rubah
7.	Kiss		- kisses	= ciuman
8.	Match		- matches	= korek.
9.	Patch		- patches	= tambahan
10. Pass			- passes	= tiket

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ADJECTIVE 

Adjective atau kala sifat adalah kata keterangan yang menerangkan atau memberikan sifat pada kata benda (noun).

A. Adjective bisa meliputi keterangan tentang :

1.          Jumlah                      : a lot of, owe, some, many, all, a half

2.          Kualitas                    : superior, good, bad, reject, sexcelent, broken.

3.          Karakter                    : stingy, good, naughty, diligent, talkative, cunning.

4.          Tekstur                     : rocky, soft, hard, rough, smooth, bumpy.

5.         Bentuk                      : circle, round, oval, triangle, oblong, square, deltoit, pyramid,                

6.	Temperatur	: hot, cold, warm, cool, chilly, boiling, icy.
7.	Rasa	: sweet, bitter, sour, salty, hot, spicy, delicious.
8.	Usia"	: young, old, a month, six year, century, decade.
9.	Warna	: white, black, red, pink, green, yellow.
10.	Asai benda	: American, British, Indonesian, Javanese, Bugisness.
11.	Bahan	: cotton, velvet, wood, iron, steel, bronze, gold, coper.
12.	Peruntukan	: study room, waiting room, foot ball.
13.	Ukuran	: deep, shallow, long,-small, short, minute, near.
14.	Keadaan	: rich, safe, dark, noisy, clean, bright, cloudy.

B.  Menurut letaknya di dalam kalimat, maka Adjective terbagi menjadi 2 jenis, yaitu

1.   Ephited Adjective (yang menyatu dengan kata bendanya)

a.       A good teacher                               = Seorang guru-yang baik.

b.       Two diligent men                          = Dua pria yang rajin.

2.     Predicative Adjective (yang berfungsi sebagai predikat)

                a.  The book is thick                              = Buku ini tebal.

                b. Sugar is sweet                                    = Gula adalah manis.

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ADVERB

Adverb adalah kata keterangan yang fungsinya memberikan keterangan kepada semua jenis kata, kecuali kata benda (noun).

Adverb tersebut antara lain :

1.      Adverb of time (keterangan waktu)

            Contoh : now, yesterday, tomorrow, just now, morning, etc.

2.      Adverb of manner (keterangan tentang cara / keadaan) ;

            Contoh : well, hard, quickly, beautifully, fast, soundly, frankly, etc.

3.      Adverb of denying / affirming (keterangan pernyataan)

Contoh : sure, of course, by all mean, probably, maybe, not yet.

4.      Adverb of   frequency (keterangan tentang tingkat keseringan)

Contoh adverb of frequency:

a.	Always	= selalu
b.	Usually	= biasanya
c.	Often	= sering
d.	Sometimes	= kadang-kadang
e.	Seldom	= jarang
f.	Rarely	= jarang sekali
g	Never	= tidak pernah
h.	Ever	= pernah

Exercise I. Read and translate

1.      The priest always comes in the mosque.

2.      The press agent seldom speak loudly.    (jubir)

3.      Rudi calls the security executive quickly.

4.      The executive board often leads this meeting.    (Kabag)

5.      The regional secretary ever gives speech to the teachers.

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POSSESSIVE ADJECTIVE 

Possessive adjective adalah keterangan kepemilikan yang harus diikuti oleh kata benda (noun) yang dinyatakan sebagai miliknya. Dibawah ini adalah subyek dan possessive adjective-nya.

	Subyek	Possessive Adjective	Artinya
1.	I	My	........ milik saya
2.	You	Your	........ milikmu
3.	We	Our	........ milik kita / kami
4.	They	Their	........ milik mereka
5.	He	His	........ miliknya (laki-laki)
6.	She	Her	........ miliknya (perempuan)
7.	It	Its	........ miliknya (Selain Manula)
8.	Rudi	Rudi's	........ milik Rudi

Contoh :

1.      This is my favorite magazine.

2.    I meet  your extremely sensitive friend.

3.      He goes to his luxurious office.

Exercise I. Read and Translate.

1.      I see your personality from your writing.

…………………………………………………………………………………

2.      His subordinate comes to local government's office.

…………………………………………………………………………………

3.      Anton wants to meet his chief soon.

…………………………………………………………………………………

4.      The students raise their flag every week.

………………………………………………………………………………….

5.      We support our football team in that match.

…………………………………………………………………………………..

6.      Close your eyes, please. We will show you a surprise thing.

…………………………………………………………………………………..

7.      Mother always finishes her household duty on time.

………………………………………………………………………………….

8.      The children moves their whole toys every time.

…………………………………………………………………………………

9.      I and Joko always practice to enhance our English.

…………………………………………………………………………………

10.  Andrew has a dog. Its tail is long and its fur is amazing.

………………………………………………………………………………….

Vocabulary :

Extremely (k) very, absolutely, considerably, terribly, intensely, terrifically, greatly, tremendously

Local government (p) Pemda, Household (n) rumah tangga, Enhance (v) mempertinggi, meningkatkan.

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POSSESSIVE PRONOUN

Possessive Pronoun adalah kata ganti kepemilikan. Karenanya fungsinya sama dengan kata ganti, yaitu dapat berdiri sendin. Possessive pronoun dapat berfungsi sebagai subjek dan objek dari sebuah kalimat. Dibawah ini adalah subyek dan possessive pronounnya.

No.	Subyek	Possessive Pronoun	Artinya
1.	I	Mine	....... milik saya
2.	You	Yours	....... milikmu
3.	We	Ours	....... milik kita / kami
4.	They	Theirs	....... milik mereka
5.	He	His	....... miliknya (laki-laki)
6.	She	Hers	....... miliknya (perempuan)
7.	It	Its	....... miliknya (Selain Manusia)

Contoh :      

1.      The dictionary is belong to Marsha, it is hers.

2.      This is my room and that is yours.

3.      I take my camera’s manual. They take theirs.

Eiercise I. Read and translate.                         .

1.      We obey our constitution, American people obey theirs.

………………………………………………………………………………………………….

2.       This is Rudi' s folder but that one is mine.

………………………………………………………………………………………………….

3.      The great talent of hers is performed in that stage.

…………………………………………………………………………………………………..

4.      The exquisite buildings are theirs. They become the symbol of this town.

………………………………………………………………………………………………….

5.      My father sits on his chair and my mother sits on hers.

………………………………………………………………………………………………….

6.       Pets of us get really upset when that child disturbs them.

………………………………………………………………………………………………….

7.      The mothers pet their babies but the weird woman doesn’t care with hers.

………………………………………………………………………………………………….

8.      The naughty cat is not mine, I am going to prove it.

…………………………………………………………………………………………………..

Vocabulary :

Manual (n) guidance book, buku pedoman, Constitution (n) UUD, Folder (n) map, berkas, great talent (n) bakat besar,

Pet (n)  binatang kesayangan, (v) menimang,  Prove (v) membuktikan, 

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CONJUNCTIONS

Kata sambung atau konjungsi dipakai apabila ada dua kalimat atau lebih. Bisa juga dipakai di dalamterdapat subyek, predikat, obyek atau keterangan yang lebih dari satu. Beberapa contoh conjunction antara lain :

1. And	:	dan
2. And then	:	dan kemudian
3. Because	:	sebab
4. Because of	:	sebab
5. But	:	tetapi
6. If	:	jika
7. Nevertheles	:	meskipun (demikian)
8. Otherwise	:	kalau tidak
9. Therefore	:	oleh karena itu
10. Despite (noun)	:	meskipun
11. In spite of (noun)	:	meskipun
12. Although (subyek)	:	meskipun
13. Even though (subyek)	:	meskipun
14. Though (subyek)	:	meskipun

Contoh penggunannya antara lain :

1.      The judge comes here and the lawyer meets him.

2.      I get up and then I take a bath.

3.      You buy T-shirt but Sherina sells her T-shirt.

Exercise I. Translate into English try using conjunction.

1.    Rudi belajar dengan keras sebab dia ingin lulus ujian.

2.    Pemimpin itu berbicara Bahasa Inggris kalau tidak orang asing itu tidak mengerti.

3.    Saya datang kesini karena kamu, bukan karena uang

4.    Mereka menang pertandingan oleh karena itu mereka bahagia,

5.    Michele tinggal dan bekerja di kota itu.

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 THIS - THAT - THESE – THOSE 

THIS / THAT + TO BE + SINGULAR NOUN 

THESE / THOSE + TO BE + PLURAL NOUN

Contoh :      

1.         This is a ball

2.         That is a house

3.         These are three watches

4.         Those are two books

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INTEROGATIVE SENTENCE

Kalimat interogatiye dalam bahasa Inggris ada dua, yaitu :

1.   Yes - No Question.

Yaitu pertanyaan yang jawabannya “ya” atau “tidak”

2.   WH - Question.

Yaitu pertanyaan yang jawabannya bervariasi tergantung pada Question Word (kata tanya) yang digunakan.

Kalimat tanya Yes / No Question.

1.      Jika kalimat tersebut mengandung "TO BE" (nominal sentence/Verb-ing) maka untuk membuat kalimat

interrogative , kita meletakkan TOBE diawal kalimat. (TOBE : is, are, am, was, were, be)  conto:

1)      Is  Abel a student?                                                          (noun)

2)      Are  you happy?                                                              (adjective)

3)      Am  I in the classroom?                                                  (adverb of place)

4)      Are you studying English now?                                      (Simple Present Continuous - verbal S.)

2.      Jika kalimat itu ada "KATA KERJA"   (verbal sentence), tetapi tidak ada MODAL, maka

letakkan auxiliary (AUXILIARY : Do, Does, Did, Has, Have, Had)  di awal kalimat. Contoh:

1)      Do you understand?

2)      Does Evlin go abroad every Sunday?

3)      Did your mother buy bronis yesterday?

4)      Has  your father gone to Adelaide for three months?

5)      Have you eaten breakfast since 7 o’clock?

3.      Jika kalimat itu menggunakan "MODAL VERB" maka kita akan meletakkan MODAL di awal

kalimat. (MODAL : Can, Will, Shall, Must, May, Could, Would, Should, Might), contoh:

1)      Can you speak English?

2)      Will you help me?

3)      Shall we start?

4)      Must I talk to him first?

5)      May I sit beside you?

Kalimat tanya Yes / No Question.

Menggunakan kata bantu Tanya (Question Word)

1)    WHO                    : Siapa  (subject)

2)    WHOM                : Siapa  (object)

3)    WHOSE                : Milik siapa

4)    WHAT                  : Apa

5)    WHERE                : Dimana, Kemana

6)    WHEN                  : Kapan, bilamana

7)    WHY                     : Mengapa

8)    WHICH                 : Yang mana

9)    HOW                    : Bagaimana

Contoh :

1.     Who helps Joni?

2.     Whom does Joni help?

3.     Whose dictionary is this?

4.     What  are you doing?

5.     Where will you study?

6.     When did you arrive at the airport?

7.     Why have you been in Bali for two years?

8.     Which cakes do you want?

9.     How do you go to school every morning?

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BRITISH AND AMERICAN ENGLISH

A. Perbedaan British & American English dilihat dari ejaannya :

American	-	British	American	-	British
1. Center	-	centre	11. Check	-	cheque
2. Somber	-	somber	12. Gray	-	grey
3. Theater	-	theatre	13. Program	-	programme
4. Armor	-	armour	14. Jewelry	-	jewellery
5. Color	-	colour	15. Story	-	storey
6. Honor	-	honour	16. Pajamas	-	pyjamas
7. Labor	-	labour	17. Tire	-	tyre
8. Neighbor	-	neighbour	18. Connection	-	connexion
9. Rumor	-	rumour	19. Jail	-	gaol
10. Plow	-	plough

B. Perbedaan Kosakata.

American	British	American	British
1. Fall	- autumn	16. Private school	- public school
2. Parking lot	- car park	17. Stand (line)	- queue
3. Garbage man	- dustman	18. Railroad	- railway
4. Movie	- film, picture	19. Round trip	- return ticket
5. Apartment	- flat	20. Call (up)	- ring
6. Principal	- headmaster	21. Garbage	- rubbish
7. Vacation	- holiday	22. One-way ticket	- single ticket
8. Sweater	- jumper	23. Candy	- sweet
9. Elevator	- lift	24. Cookies	- sweet biscuit
10. Track	- lorry	25. Cab	- taxi
11. Rain coat	- mackintosh	26. Telephone booth	- call box
12. Turtle—neck	- polomeck	27. Schedule	- timetable
13. Side walk	- pavement	28. Flash light	- torch
14. Mail	- post	29. Subway	underground train
15. Rest room	- public lavatory	30. Vest	- waist coat

C. Perbedaan Grammar

            American                                                       British

1.        I don't have time.                                   - I haven't time.

2.        Do you have time for me ?                     - Have you time for me ?

3.        He suggested that she do it.                   -  He suggested that she should do it.

4.        We will go to London.                           - We shall go to London.

5.        I live on Rambutan street.                        - I live in Rambutan St.

D. Perbedaan Pengucapan (Pronunciation)

after       -       class               -       past             - teacher         

answer    -       glass              -       pass            - take

brass      -       grass               -       last             - car

SLANG - JARGON - CLIPPED WORD

SLANG                        :   Yaitu kata-kata nonstandard yang dikenal dan digunakan oleh    

                                          sekelompk tertentu (Jive & jazz)

JARGON                     :  Yaitu kata-kata yang dikenal oleh sekelompok tertentu dan    

                                         berhubungan dengan suatu bidang profesi, misalnya, kedokteran, sastrawan dll.

CUPPED WORD       :    Yaitu penggalan kata yang umu digunakan.

BLEND                        :   penggalan gabungan.

Contoh-contoh

SLANG

1.      Apple sauce / banana girl              = nonsense

2.      Cheapskate                                  = stingy person

3.      Cliff-hanger                                  = adventurous

4.      Goldfish                                       = unfriendly peroson

5.      Cop                                             = policeman

6.      Jailbait                                         = hooker

7.      Joint                                             = marijuana cigarette

8.      Mouthpiece                                  = lawyer

9.      Painted women                             = prostitute

10.     Sugar daddy                                = lady killer.

JIVE

1.      Apple                    = New York C ity

2.      Chick                     = girl

3.      Pig                         = understand, swing,

4.      Dims and bright      = day and night

5.      Jive                        = jazz,

6.      Juice                      = liquor.

7.      Mad food.             = fine, talented,

8.      Scoff                     = food

9.      Stroll                     = avenue, street

10.  Twister                    = key

JARGON

1.      Partus                    = natality.

2.      Cut stop                 = stop (dalam film)

3.      Stunt man              = krobati (dalam film)

4.      Shooting                = take a picture 9dalam film),

5.      Starboard              = righ side

6.      Port side                = left side

7.      Jam-session           = long improvisation (jazz)

 CLIPPED WORD                                               NAME OF PERSON

1. Auto	= auto (mobile)
2. Ave	= avenue	1.	Alfred		= Alfie
3. Bra	= brassiere	2.	Arnold		= Arnie
4. Disco	= discotheque	3.	Barbara		= Barn
5. Intercom	= intercommunication	4.	Benjamin		= Bet]
6. Intro	= introduction	5.	Bernard		= Berpie
7. Pro	= professional	6.	Catherine		= Catherine
8., Pub	= public hpuse	7.	David		= Dave
9. Phone	= telephone.	8.	James		= Jim
10. Plane	= airplane	9.	Philip		= Phil
11. Van	= caravan	10. Robert			= Bob
12. Wig	= periwig	11.	Ronald		= Ron
13. Flu	= influenza	12.	Susan		= Sue
14. Frige	= refrigerator	13.	William		= Bill
15. Cabbie	= cabdriver	14. Peter			= Pete
16. Telly	= television
BLEND
1. Amerasia	= American-Asia	(keturunan Asia Amerika)
2. Brunch	= breakfast-lunch	(makan antara pagi-siang)
3. Chortle	= chuckle-shortle	(terbahak-bahak)
4. Conman	= confidence-man	(orang yang pandai)
5. Flurry	= flutter-hurry	(hempasan yang tiba-tiba)
6. Interpol	= international-police
7. Newcast	= news-broadcast ,
8. Smog	= smoke-fog
9. Heliport	= helicopter-port
10. Electrocut	= electro-exec ut	(mati kesetrum)

SEMENTARA

ITU AJA OK